Apr 01, 2015 dna computing a new technique for securing data using the biological structure of dna is called dna computing a. Towards evolutionary dna computing populations of trillions of candidates evaluated for fitness. Dna computing has been applied in broad fields such as graph theory, finite state problems, and combinatorial problem. The proposed dna based cryptographic key generation algorithm can be summarized as follows. Some important results in dna computing as was previously mentioned, the initial publication of adlemans groundbreaking experiment gave rise to a flurry of dna based algorithms for important problems. Dna computing, the performing of computations using biological molecules, rather. The procedure of dna computing can be divided into three stages. Dna computing was proposed as a means of solving a class of intractable computational problems in which the computing time can grow exponentially with problem size the np. The field of image encryption has drawn attention for this reason. Pdf a dnabased cryptographic key generation algorithm. Dna computing a new technique for securing data using the biological structure of dna is called dna computing a.
Thus adenine a binds to thymine t while guanine g binds to cytosine c. The dna computing based encryption and decryption algorithm. Pdf dna computing is essential computation using biological molecules rather than traditional silicon chips. Construction of codes for dna computing by the greedy algorithm. In this regard, this paper proposes a new method of. Dna computing is a branch of computing which uses dna, biochemistry, and molecular biology hardware, instead of the traditional siliconbased computer technologies. Up to now, there have been many results for solving the satis. Dna computing is the use of biomolecular components rather than standard artificial hardware such as silicon chips in computer technology. Multiple dna crypto algorithms have been researched and published, like the symmetric and asymmetric key crypto system using dna, dna steganography systems, triple stage dna cryptography, encryption algorithms inspired by dna, and chaotic computing. Dna selfassembly, rna computing and surfacebased computing.
Good load balancing makes cloud computing more efficient and improves user satisfaction. An internet search for dna computing will direct the user to a number of sites, many of which havent been updated in several years. For more molecular biology terminology and notions the reader is referred to kari 1997, watson et al. Dna and dna computing strand dna deoxyribonucleic acid is a dualstrand chaining composed of four nucleotides. Artificial intelligence and dna computing springerlink. Dna computing uses dna molecules to computing methods dna computing is a massive parallel computing because of dna molecules someday, dna computer will replace the siliconbased electrical computer. A computation may be thought of as the execution of an algorithm, which itself. Research and development in this area concerns theory, experiments, and applications of dna computing. The adleman experiment is not the single application case of dna computing 11 stickers model. Working of proposed system initially the plain text is taken from the user either in file or direct input.
In dna computing, instead of creation of millions of proteins that bind along the dna sequence in order to express a gene, researchers have. Molecular computing is computation done at the molecular scale. Enhanced level of security using dna computing technique. Dna computing a computer that uses dna deoxyribonucleic acids to store information and perform complex calculations. The dna implementation of the algorithm go es as follows. Whereas current technology rests on a highly linear principle of logic, and one computation must be completed before the next can begin, the use of dna means that an enormous number of calculations can take place simultaneously. May 29, 2019 dna computing is the use of biomolecular components rather than standard artificial hardware such as silicon chips in computer technology. Dna computing definition of dna computing by the free. Basic computer science most of the existing models of dna computing have their formal basis in the theory of computing. For instance, in bio computing algorithms and data structures have been developed to investigate the properties of the sequences of nucleotides in dna or rna and those of amino acids in the primary structure of a protein. Dna deoxyribose nucleic acid computing, also known as molecular computing is a new approach to massively parallel computation based on groundbreaking work by adleman. Dna computation based approach for enhanced computing.
In principle there could be billions upon trillions of dna molecules undergoing chemical reactions, that is, performing computations, simultaneously 3. In fact, dna polymerase needs a star t 56 scientific american august 1998 computing with dna c onsider a map of cities connected by certain nonstop flights top right. Dna cryptography can be defined as a technique of hiding data in terms of dna sequence. Took double helix dna structure, which usually floats with its arms open. Dna computing based encryption and decryption algorithm. Efficient task scheduling and resource management is a. Any changes to the key even a single bit generate a completely different dna key. It deals with the biochips made of dna that are able to perform billions of calculations at once by multiplying themselves in number. The clique algorithm is one of the girdbased clustering techniques for spatial data. Mar 31, 2016 genetic algorithm or ga is a search technique used in computing to find true or approximate solutions to optimization and search problems for function of 2 variable. Feb 25, 20 dna computing a computer that uses dna deoxyribonucleic acids to store information and perform complex calculations. For sake of brevity, the focus of this paper is retained on the encryption and decryption algorithm and not dealt in detail.
Construction of codes for dna computing by the greedy algorithm nabil bennenni, kenza guenda and t. Dna computing approaches are more suitable used to solve many combinatorial problems because of the vast parallelism and highdensity storage. Using dna computing techniques solved a simple knight problem. The future of dna computing since the boom in dna computing research in the mid1990s there has been a significant decrease in the number of technical papers and conferences related to the topic. Its inherent capacity for vast parallelism, the scope for highdensity storage and its intrinsic ability for potentially solving many combinatorial problems are just some of the reasons for this. This method is an enhanced to the dna based cryptographic key generation algorithm 15. The concept of dna computing was first introduced in 1994. In this paper, a new approach for improvement of dna computing is proposed. A cloud is a type of parallel and distributed system. System identification and control using dna computing. Another drawback of his dna computer is that it requires human assistance. The proposed dnabased cryptographic key generation algorithm can be summarized as follows.
System identification and control using dna computing algorithms. Hyperelliptic curve cryptography hecc is a publickey cryptographic technique which is required for securetransmission. However, the openness of these networks poses a serious threat to the security of image information. For example, one gram of dna, which when dry would occupy a volume of. Despite the complexity of this technology, the idea behind dna computing follows from a simple analogy between the following two processes, one. For example, dna polymerase will make a watsoncrick complemen tary dna strand fr om a dna template. Genetic algorithm for task scheduling in cloud computing. Implementation of evolutionary algorithms using dna. Dna computing model 75 3 the 01 programming problem model system for a system of equations that contains n variables x1,x2,xn and m equa tions, in order to implement step 1 of biological algorithm mentioned above. The adleman dna computer created a group of possible answers very quickly, but it took days for adleman to narrow down the possibilities. Modifications to current technology invitro evolution suffice to implement pointwise mutation. Genetic algorithm for task scheduling in cloud computing environment 1. Dna computing synonyms, dna computing pronunciation, dna computing translation, english dictionary definition of dna computing. Next, each cell kept in this level will be divided as steps to d 0.
A novel dna computing based encryption and decryption algorithm. A new image encryption algorithm based on dna approach ritu gupta dept. A private key is used to generate a permutation p of size n, where n is half of the size of the required cryptographic key k using any permutation generation algorithm. The main benefit of using dna computers to solve complex problems is that different possible solutions are created all at once. In this paper, the concepts of 1dimensional dna cellular automata and t dna cellular automata are defined, and the. Aug 01, 2016 genetic algorithm for task scheduling in cloud computing environment 1. Dna cryptography an area of dna computing bioinform proteom opn acc j dna cryptography an area of dna computing senapati kk department of computer science and engineering, birla institute of technology, mesra, india. In place of traditional code such as the common binary variety, dna computing utilizes the fourcharacter genetic alphabet, which consists of. The genetic algorithm toolbox uses matlab matrix functions to build a set of versatile tools for implementing a wide range of genetic algorithm methods.
Networks have developed very quickly, allowing the speedy transfer of image information through internet. Dna computing, as will become apparent in the examples presented in this article. Adleman created the first computer to use dna to solve a. Using the idea of darwinian evolution, we introduce a genetic dna computing algorithm to solve the maximal clique problem. Dna or molecular computing basically suggests the use of dna and biological components for computational purposes. Enhanced level of security using dna computing technique with. A novel dna computing based encryption and decryption. All the operations in the algorithm are accessible with todays molecular biotechnology. Genetic algorithm is one of the possible ways to break the limit of bruteforce method in dna computing. A new image encryption algorithm based on dna approach. Aaron gulliver university of science and technology, usthb, algiers, algeria. Implementation of evolutionary algorithms using dna computing. Dna algorithm employing temperature gradient for chinese postman problem.
The main source of this knowledge was the theory of computation community, which has been my academic and social home throughout this period. A clique algorithm using dna computing techniques based on. The dnaca includes crossover, mutation, enzyme and virus operators providing a highly modular, flexible, and accurate selforganizing structure. In this report, i describe dna computing and how it has been implemented in rudimentary forms. It has many advantages like perform millions of operations simultaneous, generate a complete set of potential solutions, conduct large parallel searches, efficiently handle massive amounts of working memory, cheap, clean, readily available materials, amazing ability to store information.
The dna computing based encoding algorithm the dna encoding algorithm has a welldefined process and explained in detail in17. Dna computing techniques might process in parallel for the population billion times larger than in conventional computers. Pdf dna computing and its application researchgate. Dna computing research papers dna computing free download. The hamiltonian path problem is discussed in detail along with its solution using dna. Dna computing is a relatively new computing paradigm that has attracted great interest in the computing community. The genetic algorithm toolbox is a collection of routines, written mostly in m. A clustering algorithm using dna computing based on three.
Dna computing is a class of molecular computing that does computation by the use of reactions involving dna molecules. Dna computing model 73 computing based on dna recombination10. It has been a long seen dream of bionanotechnologist to achieve the ultimate goal of computing utilizing dna. Dna computing algorithms have been developed are not sufficiently powerful and robust, however. The chapter explains the need of hybridization of genetic algorithm and fuzzy logic. The role of genetic algorithm is illustrated along with its advantages. Dna encoding methods in the field of dna computing springerlink. It also justifies the importance of evolutionary computing. Our computer simulations show that with this new computing algorithm, it is. Dna computation can lead to insights and improvements in parallelism, as cloning. Adleman solved this problem by creating strands of dna to represent each flight and then combined.
Multiple dna crypto algorithms has been researched and published like the symmetric and asymmetric key crypto system using dna, dna steganography systems, triple stage dna cryptography, encryption algorithm inspired by dna and chaotic computing. It will take years to develop a practical, workable dna computer. Mar 02, 2017 the concept of dna computing was first introduced in 1994. A genetic algorithm ga is a kind of soft computing with genetic mechanism. March 27, 2018 acknowledgments in this book i tried to present some of the knowledge and understanding i acquired in my four decades in the eld. Dna deoxyribonucleic acid computing that is a new computation model based on dna molecules for information storage has been increasingly used for optimization and data analysis in recent years. Zorbalas, dna algorithm for computing shortest paths, proc.
Dna cryptography can be defined as a hiding data in terms of dna sequence. Narayanan a, zorbalas s, et al 1998 dna algorithms for computing shortest paths. Construction of codes for dna computing by the greedy. In addition to hp the satisfiability of logical formulas, another npcomplete problem, was solved using the methods of dna computing. Dna cryptography an area of dna computing bioinform proteom opn acc j dna cryptography an area of dna computing senapati kk department of computer science and engineering, birla institute of technology. The goal of the dna computing field is to create a device that can work independent of human involvement. An image encryption scheme based on dna computing and. However, dna computing algorithm has some limitations in terms of convergence speed, adaptability, and effectiveness. Each operation on a test tube of dna is carried out on all strands in the tube in parallel.
Ppt dna computing powerpoint presentation free to view. Here, educational perspective of the theory of multiple intelligence has been explained in order to. In this paper, a new approach for improvement of dna. The term molectronics has sometimes been used, but this term has already been used for an.
In dna computing, instead, molecular biology is suggested to solve. Clearly, computing with dna has massive advantages over siliconbased machines. In this paper, the concepts of 1dimensional dna cellular automata and tdna cellular automata are defined. Dna computing has been by far the most successful in scale and complexity of the computations and molecular assemblies done of all. It was invented by leonard max adleman in the year 1994 for solving the complex problems such as the directed hamilton path problem and the npcomplete problem similar to the.
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